Soma Mukhopadhyay
Soma Mukhopadhyay is credited with creating rapid prompting method (though others have developed similar techniques, known as informative pointing or alphabet therapy),[1] a pseudoscientific technique that attempts to aid people with autism or other disabilities to communicate through pointing, typing, or writing.[1][2] It is also known as RPM and Spelling to Communicate.[3]
Mukhopadhyay's use of RPM with her autistic son Tito Mukhopadhyay garnered media attention in America in the late 1990s and early 2000s.[4]
Career
[edit]Mukhopadhyay came to the United States in 2001. In 2003, Mukhopadhyay gained recognition when featured on the popular news program 60 Minutes. She joined Helping Autism through Learning and Outreach (HALO) in Texas in 2005. She also hosts workshops involving RPM worldwide.[5][6]
Criticism
[edit]See also: Criticism
RPM is closely related to the scientifically discredited[7][8][9] technique facilitated communication (FC).[1][10][11] Practitioners of RPM have failed to assess the issue of message agency using simple and direct scientific methodologies, saying that doing so would be stigmatizing and that allowing scientific criticisms of the technique robs people with autism of their right to communicate.[2][12] The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association has issued a statement opposing the practice of RPM.[13][14]
It has been noted that when using RPM Mukhopadhyay gives a high rate of verbal, gestural, and physical prompts even to the most independent students, and uses circular logic to explain why she claims RPM is legitimate.[15] Mukhopadhyay has also acknowledged that a teacher who wants to move quickly could accidentally guide the student's arm through touch, although that is not allowed in RPM.[16]
Recognition
[edit]The release of the BBC documentary Tito's Story led to a fellowship offer from the Cure Autism Now foundation to Mukhopadhyay.[17]
Publications
[edit]- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2008). Understanding Autism Through Rapid Prompting Method. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4327-2928-8.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2011). Curriculum Guide for Autism Using Rapid Prompting Method: With Lesson Plan Suggestions. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4327-7461-5.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2013). Developing Communication for Autism Using Rapid Prompting Method: Guide for Effective Language (First ed.). Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4787-1313-5.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2018). Growing Sensory Tolerance Using Rapid Prompting Method. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-9772-0364-9.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2014). Developing Motor Skills for Autism Using Rapid Prompting Method: Steps to Improving Motor Function. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4787-2841-2.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2016). Developing Expressive Language in Verbal Students With Autism Using Rapid Prompting Method. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4787-7119-7.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2015). Harnessing Stims and Behaviors in Autism Using Rapid Prompting Method. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4787-5427-5.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2016). Mathematical Concepts For Autism Using Rapid Prompting Method. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4787-7954-4.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2017). Developing the Visual Skill of Reading using Rapid Prompting Method.
- Mukhopadhyay, Soma (2017). Learning Life Skills Using Rapid Prompting Method - Part 1.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Todd, James (2013). "Rapid Prompting". Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders. pp. 2497–2503. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1896. ISBN 978-1-4419-1697-6.
- ^ a b Tostanoski, Amy; Lang, Russell; Raulston, Tracy; Carnett, Amarie; Davis, Tonya (August 2014). "Voices from the past: Comparing the rapid prompting method and facilitated communication". Developmental Neurorehabilitation. 17 (4): 219–223. doi:10.3109/17518423.2012.749952. PMID 24102487.
- ^ Clayton, Renee (24 January 2018). "A boy with autism learns life-changing communication skills". Stuff.NZ. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
- ^ Todd, James T. (2015). "Old Horses in New Stables". In Foxx, Richard M.; Mulick, James A. (eds.). Controversial Therapies for Autism and Intellectual Disabilities: Fad, Fashion, and Science in Professional Practice. Routledge. p. 374. ISBN 9781317623830.
- ^ Montague, Jules (9 January 2018). "Apple's 2017 Webby-nominated ad featured autism pseudoscience". The Verge. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
- ^ Kreidler, Marc (28 April 2016). "Syracuse, Apple, and Autism Pseudoscience". Skeptical Inquirer. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
- ^ Lilienfeld; et al. "Why debunked autism treatment fads persist". Science Daily. Emory University. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
- ^ Facilitated Communication: Sifting the Psychological Wheat from the Chaff. American Psychological Association. June 13, 2016.
- ^ Todd, James T. (13 July 2012). "The moral obligation to be empirical: Comments on Boynton's 'Facilitated Communication – what harm it can do: Confessions of a former facilitator'". Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention. 6 (1): 36–57. doi:10.1080/17489539.2012.704738. S2CID 143043194.
- ^ Chandler, Michael Alison (March 1, 2017). "The key to unlock their autistic son's voice". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. A.1. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ^ Beach, Patrick (January 20, 2008). "Understanding Tito". Austin Statesman. Austin, Texas. p. J.1.
- ^ Vyse, Stuart (7 August 2018). "Autism Wars: Science Strikes Back". Center for Inquiry. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
- ^ Association (ASHA), American Speech-Language-Hearing (2018). "Rapid Prompting Method". American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
- ^ Beals, Katharine (2020). "Review of Communication Alternatives in Autism: Perspectives on Typing and Spelling Approaches for the Nonspeaking". Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work. 17 (3): 361–367. doi:10.1080/26408066.2020.1729284. S2CID 239764348.
- ^ Tostanoski, Amy; Lang, Russell; Raulston, Tracy; Carnett, Amarie; Davis, Tonya (2014). "Voices from the past: Comparing the rapid prompting method and facilitated communication". Developmental Neurorehabilitation. 17 (4): 219–223. doi:10.3109/17518423.2012.749952. PMID 24102487.
- ^ Schlosser, Ralf; Hemsley, Bronwyn; Shane, Howard; Todd, James; Lang, Russell; Lilienfeld, Scott; Trembath, David; Mostert, Mark; Fong, Seraphine; Odom, Samuel (2019). "Rapid prompting method and autism spectrum disorder: Systematic review exposes lack of evidence". Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 6 (4): 403–412. doi:10.1007/s40489-019-00175-w.
- ^ "Tito breaks the silence". The Times of India. 24 December 2008.
External links
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