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Wiang

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Wiang is a Tai word for "fortified settlement" or "walled town, city" of Austroasiatic origin, from Proto-Austroasiatic *wa(a)ŋ.[1] This toponymic element forms part of the names of certain ancient inhabited places located in an area stretching across Northern Thailand and Laos:

Meaning

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The term "เวียง" (Wiang) in Thai has historical and cultural significance. It originates from the Lanna Kingdom and the northern regions of Thailand. The word "เวียง" traditionally refers to a walled or fortified city. These cities were typically enclosed by walls and moats for protection against invasions and natural disasters.

A "เวียง" served multiple functions:

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1. Administrative Center: It was often the seat of local government and administration. The ruling authority or monarchy would reside within these walls, managing the surrounding region.

2. Cultural Hub: These cities were centers for cultural and religious activities. Temples, markets, and public spaces were integral parts of a "เวียง," making it a focal point for the community's cultural life.

3. Economic Center: Due to their strategic locations, "เวียง" cities were important for trade and commerce. Merchants and traders would gather here, contributing to the economic vitality of the region.

4. Defensive Stronghold: The walls and moats provided defense against invasions. These fortifications were essential in safeguarding the inhabitants and their resources.

An example of a "เวียง" is "เวียงกุมกาม" (Wiang Kum Kam), an ancient city near Chiang Mai, which showcases the typical characteristics of a "เวียง." It had extensive fortifications, served as a significant cultural and religious site, and was a vital economic center in its time.

Thus, "เวียง" encompasses the essence of historical urban development in northern Thailand, reflecting its importance in administrative, cultural, economic, and defensive aspects.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Shorto, H. A Mon-Khmer Comparative Dictionary, Ed. Paul Sidwell, 2006. Entry 767. p. 233