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Wallingford (UK Parliament constituency)

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Wallingford
Former borough constituency
for the House of Commons
1295–1885
Replaced byAbingdon

Wallingford was a parliamentary constituency in England, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until 1707, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885.

It was a parliamentary borough created in 1295, centred on the market town Wallingford in Berkshire (now in Oxfordshire). It used to return two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons; this was cut to one in 1832, and the constituency was abolished in 1885. The town of Wallingford is now within the constituency of Wantage.

History

[edit]

Before 1832 the borough consisted only of the town of Wallingford, which by the 19th century was divided into four parishes. The franchise was limited to (male) inhabitants paying scot and lot, a local tax. Namier and Brooke estimated that the number of electors in the mid-18th century was about 200;[1] but the number fluctuated considerably with the fortunes of the town, which had no manufacturing interests and considerable unemployment at some periods. There were never enough voters to avoid the risk of corruption, and systematic bribery generally prevailed, with anything up to 150 votes being bought and sold at any one election. (In 1754, Thomas Sewell, one of the Whig candidates, spent over £1000 of his own money and not only was this reimbursed from the "secret service" funds but the government spent further money unsuccessfully attempting to secure him a seat in Wallingford.[2]) By the 19th century Wallingford was regarded as one of the worst of the rotten boroughs, and Oldfield recorded in 1816 that the price of a vote was 40 guineas.

The 1831 census found the borough had a population of about 2,500, and 485 houses. Under the Reform Act 1832, the constituency was allowed to survive and to keep one of its two MPs, but the boundaries were considerably extended, taking in the Wallingford Castle precincts, which had previously been excluded, and all or part of a dozen neighbouring parishes including Benson and Crowmarsh, and part of Cholsey. This change of boundaries almost trebled the population, but the effect on the electorate was much smaller. According to the reports on which the Reform Act was based, Wallingford had about 300 men qualified to vote in 1831 (though no more than 230 had ever voted in the previous thirty years). Yet despite the widening of the right to vote, which preserved the ancient right voters of the borough while adding new electors on an occupation franchise, there were only 453 names on the 1832 electoral register for the extended borough. (Stooks Smith records that 166 of these claimed their vote as scot and lot payers, while 287 qualified as £10 occupiers; but many of the latter group presumably paid scot and lot within the old boundaries and could have voted before the Reform Act.)

In 1868 the franchise was further extended and there were 942 registered electors, but the constituency was much too small to survive the Third Reform Act, and was abolished with effect from the general election of 1885. The constituency was mostly included in the new Berkshire North or Abingdon county constituency, but Benson and the other parts of the extended borough on the Oxfordshire side of the Thames were placed in the Oxfordshire South or Henley division of that county.

Members of Parliament

[edit]

1295–1640

[edit]
Parliament First member Second member
1302 Osbert de Notele William Clericus
1304 Nicholas de la Barre William Mareschal
1306 Nicholas de la Barre Richard de Cippenham
1306 John Mariot Osbert de Notele
1307 Nicholas de la Barre John Mariot
1309 Thomas de Morton Thomas Bene
1311 Nicholas de la Barre Osbert de Notele
1311 Nicholas de la Barre Osbert de Notele
1312 Nicholas de la Barre Richard de Cippenham
1313 Nicholas de la Barre William Butty
1314 Walter at Russhe William Butty
1314–5 Osbert de Notele Thomas Bone
1318 Thomas Garston Thomas Bone
1327 John Osbern Richard Grotard
1320 Thomas Bone Thomas Bortorat
1321 Nicholas de la Barre John Osbern
1322 Reginald de Bradebourn Alexander le Vacher
1322 Thomas at Gaston Alexander le Vacher
1323 Osbert de Notele Reginald de Bradebourn
1325 Robert Butty Richard Reswald
1327 John Osbern Roger de Saucer
1328 Thomas Bone John Osbern
1328 John Osbern John Breton
1329 John Mariot William Arnyot
1330 John Mariot Robert Butty
1331 John Mariot Robert Butty
1331 Thomas Bone William de Dene
1333 John Mariot John de Preston
1335 William de Cornwall Philip Preston
1335 William de Cornwall Thomas Bone
1336 William de Cornwall Edmund Bonham
1336 William de Cornwall Thomas Bone
1337 John Mariot William de Cornwall
1337 John Mariot William de Cornwall
1338 William le Goldsmith John Berewyk
1338 John Mariot William Arnyat
1339 John Stacy Thomas Batheshall
1339 Robert Butty William le Goldsmith
1341 John Mariot Robert Butty
1344 Roger Tylewyne John Berewyk
1347 John atte Ruysshe John at Barston
1348 Philip de Preston William le Goldsmith
1350–1 William Harewell Thomas Reynald
1355 John Louch John Brightwalton
1357–8 Robert Berot John Heronn
1360 John Louch John Andrew
1360 Nicholas Payable Roger Preston
1362 William Harewell Henry Redyng
1363 William Harewell Alexander Absolan
1364 John James Roger Preston
1366 John James Nicholas Payable
1368 Nicholas Tanner
1369 John James Nicholas Tanner
1370 John James Richard Attefelde
1371 John James Richard Attefelde
1372 Richard Attefelde Roger Melbourne
1373 Thomas Grove Roger Arnyate
1375 John James Richard Attefelde
1376 Thomas Beneshef Henry de Bedyng
1377 Thomas Reynald Richard Attefelde
1378 Roger Arnyate
1379–80 Roger Melbourne Walter Hervy
1381 Roger Melbourne
1383 Thomas Grove Robert Oxenford
1383 Roger Melbourne John Kerre
1383 Roger Arnyate John Kerre
1384 Thomas Grove John Lyttel
1384 Thomas Grove Walter Harby
1385 Thomas Beneshef Robert Oxenford
1386 Thomas Beneshef John Derby
1387 Thomas Beneshef Roger Melbourne
1388 Richard de Brugge John Bernard
1389 John Cotterell Roger Melbourne
1391 Richard Hovelock William Hende
1392 John Cotterell William Cary
1393 John Cotterell John Derby
1394 John Cotterell John Derby
1396 John Cotterell Robert Oxenford
1397 John Cotterell Walter Colete
1399 Walter Hervy John Culham
1405–6 William Essex Walter Hyndon
1407 John Culham William Clowd
1409–10 John Cotterell William Cotterell
1413 Thomas Ravening Lewis John
1413–4 Robert Deffonte Robert Carswell
1419 John Denby Richard Algate
1420 John Cotterell Richard Algate
1421 John Cotterell John Mercham
1421 John Warfeld William Bodyngton
1422 John Warfeld Laurence Haweman
1423 Laurence Haweman Henry Payne
1429 John Mercham Thomas Jones
1425–6 Laurence Haweman John Denby
1427 John Warfeld William Borde
1429 John Warfeld Laurence Haweman
1430–1 John Warfeld Thomas Ramsey
1432 John Warfeld William Bodyngton
1433 John Warfeld William Bodyngton
1435 John Warfeld William Borde
1436–7 John Warfeld William Borde
1441–2 John Bruggewater John Stoke
1446 John Stoke Robert Dalby
1448 Thomas Carlyll Henry Herleton
1449 Robert Hopton Thomas Browne
1450 Henry Spencer Richard Bulstrode
1452–3 Thomas Preston John Burgh
1459 Richard Houghton Henry Spencer
1460 William Bedeston John Bydon
1467 John Colynggrugge Robert Hopton
1472 Thomas Roos Thomas Ashynden
1477–8 Thomas Wode Thomas Vynsent
1529 Edward Chamberlain Godelacius Overton
1536 Thomas Denton
1547 Sir Thomas Parry Henry Hontley
1552-3 Sir Thomas Parry George Wright
1553 George Wright Edmund Plowden
1554 Edmund Ashfield Anthony Butler
1554 Edmund Ashfield Robert Cockson
1555 Sir Thomas Parry Thomas Mynde
1557 Thomas Mynde Radulphus Pollyngton
1558-9 Thomas Mynde John Fortesque
1563 William Dunch Thomas Browne
1571 Sir Edmund Dunch Thomas Dudley
1572 Thomas Digges John Fortesque
1584 Christopher Edmonds Richard Knollys
1586 Richard Knollys Thomas Stampe
1588–9 Michael Molyns Thomas Stampe
1592–3 Thomas Fortescue Anthony Bacon
1597 Thomas Fortescue Owen Oglethorpe
1601 (Sir John Herbert)
sat for Glamorgan
and replaced by
Thomas Fortescue
Henry Doyley
1604 Sir William Dunch Griffith Payne
1614 Sir Carew Reynell Sir George Simeon
1621–1622 Sir George Simeon Samuel Dunch
1624 (Sir Edward Howard)
sat for Calne, Wiltshire
and replaced by
Sir Anthony Forrest
Sir George Simeon
1625 Sir Anthony Forrest Michael Molyns
1625 Sir Anthony Forrest Unton Croke
1628–1629 Sir Robert Knollys Edmund Dunch
1629–1640 No parliaments summoned

1640–1832

[edit]
Year First member First party Second member Second party
April 1660 Robert Packer Hungerford Dunch[A]
June 1660 Thomas Saunders
1661 Hon. George Fane
1663 Sir John Bennet
February 1679 John Stone Scorey Barker
August 1679 William Lenthall
1681 Taverner Harris
1685 John Stone John Holloway
1689 Thomas Tipping William Jennens
1690 John Wallis
1695 Sir Thomas Tipping
1698 Richard Pye
1701 William Jennens Thomas Renda
1705 Clement Kent
1708 Grey Neville
1709 Thomas Renda
1710 Simon Harcourt
1713 Richard Bigg
1714 Thomas Renda
1715 Edmund Dunch Whig William Hucks
1719 Henry Grey Whig
1722 Viscount Parker
1727 George Lewen
1734 Thomas Tower
1740 Joseph Townsend
1741 John Bance John Rush
1747 Joseph Townsend Richard Tonson
1754[1] John Hervey Richard Ashcroft Bedford Whig
1761[1] Sir John Gibbons, Bt
1765[1] Sir George Pigot, Bt[B]
1768[1] Robert Pigot John Aubrey
1772[1] John Cator
1774[1] Sir Robert Barker
1780[1] Chaloner Arcedeckne John Aubrey
1784[1] Sir Francis Sykes, Bt
1784[1] Thomas Aubrey
1790 Nathaniel Wraxall
1794 Francis Sykes Tory[3]
1796 The Lord Eardley Whig[3] Tory[3]
1802 William Hughes Whig[3]
1804 George Galway Mills
1806 Richard Benyon Tory[3]
1812 Ebenezer Maitland Tory[3]
1820 George James Robarts Whig[3]
1826 Robert Knight Whig[3]
1831 Thomas Leigh Whig[3]
  • Constituency reduced to one seat, (1832)

1832–1885

[edit]
Year Member Party Note
1832 William Seymour Blackstone Tory[3]
1834 Conservative[3]
1852 Richard Malins Conservative
1865 Sir Wentworth Dilke, Bt Liberal
1868 Stanley Vickers Conservative Died 24 February 1872
1872 Edward Wells Conservative
1880 Walter Wren Liberal Election declared void, on petition, 19 June 1880
1880 Pandeli Ralli Liberal
  • Constituency abolished (1885)

Elections

[edit]

Electoral system: The block vote electoral system was used in two seat elections and first past the post for single member elections. Each voter had up to as many votes as there were seats to be filled. Votes had to be cast by a spoken declaration, in public, at the hustings (until the secret ballot was introduced in 1872).

Percentage change calculations: Where there was only one candidate of a party in successive elections, for the same number of seats, change is calculated on the party percentage vote. Where there was more than one candidate, in one or both successive elections for the same number of seats, then change is calculated on the individual percentage vote.

Sources (unless otherwise indicated): (1754–1784) Namier and Brooke; (1790–1831) Stooks Smith; (1832–1880) Craig. Where Stooks Smith gives additional information or differs from the other sources this is indicated in a note after the result.

Swing: Positive swing is from Whig/Liberal to Tory/Conservative. Negative swing is from Tory/Conservative to Whig/Liberal.

1750-1760s1770-1780s

1790s1800s1810s1820s1830s1840s1850s1860s1870s1880s

Elections in the 1750s and 1760s

[edit]
General election 15 April 1754: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Hervey Elected N/A N/A
Nonpartisan Richard Ashcroft Elected N/A N/A
Nonpartisan Thomas Sewell Defeated N/A N/A
Nonpartisan The Viscount Castlecomer 1 Defeated N/A N/A
General election 25 March 1761: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Hervey Unopposed
Nonpartisan John Gibbons Unopposed
  • Death of Hervey
By-Election 15 January 1765: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan George Pigot Unopposed
Nonpartisan hold
  • Creation of Pigot as the 1st Baron Pigot in the Peerage of Ireland, 1766
General election 16 March 1768: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Aubrey 69 39.7 N/A
Nonpartisan Robert Pigot 67 38.5 N/A
Nonpartisan John Gibbons 38 21.8 N/A
Turnout 174 N/A N/A

Elections in the 1770s and 1780s

[edit]
By-Election 27 January 1772: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Cator 90 52.9 N/A
Nonpartisan Robert Pigot 80 47.1 N/A
Majority 10 5.9 N/A
Turnout 170 N/A N/A
Nonpartisan hold Swing N/A
General election 8 October 1774: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Cator Elected N/A N/A
Nonpartisan Robert Barker Elected N/A N/A
Nonpartisan Thomas Wenman Defeated N/A N/A
Nonpartisan William Nedham Defeated N/A N/A
General election 8 September 1780: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Aubrey Unopposed
Nonpartisan Chaloner Arcedeckne Unopposed
By-Election 15 July 1782: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Aubrey Unopposed
Nonpartisan hold
  • Seat vacated on the appointment of Aubrey to an office
By-Election 30 December 1783: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan John Aubrey 113 66.1 N/A
Nonpartisan Thomas Keating 58 33.9 N/A
Majority 55 32.2 N/A
Turnout 171 N/A N/A
Nonpartisan hold Swing N/A
By-Election January 1784: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan Francis Sykes Unopposed
Nonpartisan hold
  • Note (1784 by-election): Namier and Brooke do not include this by-election, which is noted in Stooks Smith's book. Stooks Smith does not include the previous by-election won by Aubrey.
General election 31 March 1784: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan Francis Sykes Unopposed
Nonpartisan Thomas Aubrey Unopposed

Elections in the 1790s

[edit]
General election 1790: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan Francis Sykes Unopposed
Nonpartisan Nathaniel Wraxall Unopposed
  • Resignation of Wraxall
By-Election March 1794: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Tory Francis Sykes Unopposed
Tory gain from Nonpartisan
General election 1796: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Tory Francis Sykes Unopposed
Whig Sampson Eardley 1 Unopposed

Elections in the 1800s

[edit]
General election 1802: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Tory Francis Sykes Unopposed
Whig William Hughes Unopposed
  • Death of Sykes
By-Election February 1804: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Nonpartisan George Galway Mills Unopposed
Nonpartisan gain from Tory
General election 1806: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes Unopposed
Tory Richard Benyon Unopposed
General election 1807: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes Unopposed
Tory Richard Benyon Unopposed

Elections in the 1810s

[edit]
General election 1812: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes Unopposed
Tory Ebenezer Maitland Unopposed
General election 1818: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes Elected N/A N/A
Tory Ebenezer Maitland Elected N/A N/A
Whig George James Robarts Defeated N/A N/A

Elections in the 1820s

[edit]
General election 1820: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes Elected N/A N/A
Whig George James Robarts Elected N/A N/A
Tory Ebenezer Maitland Defeated N/A N/A
General election 1826: Wallingford (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes 151 42.4 N/A
Whig George James Robarts 125 35.1 N/A
Tory John Dodson 80 22.5 N/A
Majority 45 12.6 N/A
Turnout 356 N/A N/A
Whig hold Swing
Whig hold Swing
  • Resignation of Robarts
By-Election December 1826: Wallingford
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig Robert Knight 117 58.2 N/A
Tory John Bailey (candidate) 84 41.8 N/A
Majority 33 16.4 N/A
Turnout 201 N/A N/A
Whig hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1830s

[edit]
General election 1830: Wallingford (2 seats)[3][4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes 47 47.0 +4.6
Whig Robert Knight 31 31.0 −4.1
Tory John Bayley 22 22.0 −0.5
Majority 9 9.0 −3.6
Turnout c. 50 c. 17.2
Registered electors c. 290
Whig hold Swing
Whig hold Swing
General election 1831: Wallingford (2 seats)[3][4][5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Hughes 196 48.8 +1.8
Whig Robert Knight 152 37.8 +6.8
Tory William Seymour Blackstone 54 13.4 −8.6
Majority 98 24.4 +15.4
Turnout c. 201 c. 69.3 c. +52.1
Registered electors c. 290
Whig hold Swing +3.1
Whig hold Swing +5.6
By-election, 21 September 1831: Wallingford[3][4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig Thomas Charles Leigh 119 63.6 −23.0
Tory William Seymour Blackstone 68 36.4 +23.0
Majority 51 27.2 +2.8
Turnout 187 c. 64.5 −4.8
Registered electors c. 290
Whig hold Swing −23.0
General election 1832: Wallingford[3][6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Tory William Seymour Blackstone 202 55.0 +41.6
Whig Charles Eyston 165 45.0 −41.6
Majority 37 10.0 N/A
Turnout 367 81.0 c. +11.7
Registered electors 453
Tory gain from Whig Swing +41.6
  • Note (1832): Blackstone used crimson and white colours and Eyston used green.
General election 1835: Wallingford[3][6]
Party Candidate Votes %
Conservative William Seymour Blackstone Unopposed
Registered electors 366
Conservative hold
  • Note (1835): Stooks Smith gives the registered electors as 344.
General election 1837: Wallingford[3][6]
Party Candidate Votes %
Conservative William Seymour Blackstone 159 57.4
Whig Thomas Teed 118 42.6
Majority 41 14.8
Turnout 277 83.2
Registered electors 333
Conservative hold
  • Note (1837): Stooks Smith gives the registered electorate as 322. Blackstone used crimson and white colours and Teed used light blue.

Elections in the 1840s

[edit]
General election 1841: Wallingford[6][3]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative William Seymour Blackstone Unopposed
Registered electors 386
Conservative hold
General election 1847: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative William Seymour Blackstone 166 51.9 N/A
Whig Alfred Morrison[7] 154 48.1 New
Majority 12 3.8 N/A
Turnout 320 80.4 N/A
Registered electors 398
Conservative hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1850s

[edit]
General election 1852: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Richard Malins 174 50.9 −1.0
Whig Alfred Morrison[7][8] 168 49.1 +1.0
Majority 6 1.8 −2.0
Turnout 342 79.9 −0.5
Registered electors 428
Conservative hold Swing -1.0
General election 1857: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Richard Malins 149 52.5 +1.6
Whig Alfred Sartoris[9][10] 135 47.5 −1.6
Majority 14 5.0 +3.2
Turnout 284 76.5 −3.4
Registered electors 371
Conservative hold Swing +1.6
General election 1859: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Richard Malins Unopposed
Registered electors 381
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1860s

[edit]
General election 1865: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Wentworth Dilke 158 54.5 New
Conservative Richard Malins 132 45.5 N/A
Majority 26 9.0 N/A
Turnout 290 81.2 N/A
Registered electors 357
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing N/A
General election 1868: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Stanley Vickers 453 55.9 +10.4
Liberal Wentworth Dilke 358 44.1 −10.4
Majority 95 11.8 N/A
Turnout 811 86.1 +4.9
Registered electors 942
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +10.3

Elections in the 1870s

[edit]
  • Death of Vickers
By-Election 9 March 1872: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Edward Wells Unopposed
Conservative hold
General election 1874: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Edward Wells 575 56.8 N/A
Liberal Edwin Jones[11] 437 43.2 N/A
Majority 138 13.6 N/A
Turnout 1,012 88.7 N/A
Registered electors 1,141
Conservative hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1880s

[edit]
General election 1880: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Walter Wren 582 51.8 +8.6
Conservative Edward Wells 541 48.2 −8.6
Majority 41 3.6 N/A
Turnout 1,123 91.6 +2.9
Registered electors 1,226
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing -8.7
  • Election declared void on petition
By-Election 1 July 1880: Wallingford[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Pandeli Ralli 567 50.9 −0.9
Conservative Robert William Hanbury 548 49.1 +0.9
Majority 19 1.8 −1.8
Turnout 1,115 91.0 −0.6
Registered electors 1,226
Liberal hold Swing −0.9
  • Constituency abolished (1885)

Notes:-

  • 1 A Peer of Ireland.
  • 2 This is the office attributed to the MP by Stooks Smith. However Pigot in 1772 does not appear on the Wikipedia list of Masters of the Mint.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Dunch was also elected for Cricklade, which he chose to represent, and did not sit for Wallingford
  2. ^ The Lord Pigot from 1766

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j J A Cannon (1964). "Wallingford". In Namier, Sir Lewis; Brooke, John (eds.). The House of Commons 1754–1790. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  2. ^ Page 198, Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition – London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Stooks Smith 1973.
  4. ^ a b c Fisher, David R. "Wallingford". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  5. ^ "Wednesday's Post". Worcester Journal. 5 May 1831. p. 2. Retrieved 28 April 2020 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. p. 316. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
  7. ^ a b "Wallingford". Berkshire Chronicle. 3 July 1847. p. 3. Retrieved 15 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  8. ^ "The General Election". Morning Post. 24 July 1847. p. 3. Retrieved 15 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  9. ^ "Oxford Chronicle and Reading Gazette". 21 March 1857. pp. 7–8. Retrieved 15 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  10. ^ "Oxford University and City Herald". 21 March 1857. p. 9. Retrieved 15 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  11. ^ "Wallingford". Reading Mercury. 7 March 1874. p. 4. Retrieved 21 January 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.

Sources

[edit]
  1. British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (The Macmillan Press 1977)
  2. J. K. Hedges, Wallingford History (London: Wm Clowes, 1881)
  3. Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke, The House of Commons 1754–1790, (London: HMSO, 1964)
  4. Robert Henry O'Byrne The representative history of Great Britain and Ireland, comprising biographical and genealogical notices of the Members of Parliament from Edward VI 1547 to Victoria 1847. (London, John Ollivier, 1848)
  5. T. H. B. Oldfield, The Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland (London: Baldwin, Cradock & Joy, 1816)
  6. J Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 – England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
  7. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "W" (part 1)
  8. M. Stenton (ed.), Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832–1885 (The Harvester Press, 1976)
  9. Stooks Smith, Henry (1973) [1844–1850]. Craig, F. W. S. (ed.). The Parliaments of England (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. pp. 9–11. ISBN 0-900178-13-2.
  10. Frederic A Youngs, "Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol I" (London: Royal Historical Society, 1979)
[edit]