Bibi Mubarika
| Bibi Mubarika Yusufzai بي بي مبارکه یوسفزۍ | |
|---|---|
| Queen consort of Kabul Empress consort of the Mughal Empire | |
| Born | 16th century Kabul |
| Spouse | |
| House | Pashtun |
| Father | Shah Mansur Yusufzai |
| Religion | Islam |
Bibi Mubarika Yusufzai (Pashto: بيبي مبارکه یوسفزۍ;) was the Empress consort of the Mughal Empire. She was the fifth wife of Emperor Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire.[1]
She is frequently mentioned in the Humayun-nama by her stepdaughter Gulbadan Begum, who calls her stepmother 'The Afghan lady' or 'Afghani Aghacha'.[2] "Afghan" is an ethnonym referring to the Pashtun people.
Family
[edit]Bibi Mubarika was the daughter of Malik Shah Mansur, a Pashtun Yusufzai chief. She was the granddaughter of Malik Sulaiman Shah, and the niece of Taus Khan.[3]
One of her brothers named Mir Jamal accompanied Babur to India in 1525, and held high posts under Humayun and Akbar.[4] He was given the title of Khan.
Marriage
[edit]Babur married her at Kehraj on 30 January 1519.[5] The alliance was the sign and seal of amity between him and her tribe. An intelligent woman, Mubarika played an important role in the establishment of friendly relations between the Mughals and the Yusufzai Pashtun chiefs.[6] Mubarika was much-loved by Babur as evidenced by the fact that she was one of the small and select party of ladies who were the first to join him in India in 1529.[2]
Death
[edit]Bibi Mubarika lived through Humayun's reign and died early in Akbar's reign.[2]
In popular culture
[edit]Bibi Mubarika is a character in Farzana Moon's historical novel Babur: The First Moghul in India (1977).[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Babur (2017). Hiro, Dilip (ed.). Babur Nama: journal of Emperor Babur. Penguin classics. Translated by Beveridge, Annette Susannah (First published ed.). Gurgaon: Penguin Random House India. p. 362. ISBN 978-0-14-400149-1.
- ^ a b c Begum, Gulbadan (1902). The History of Humayun (Humayun-Nama). Royal Asiatic Society. p. 266.
- ^ Babur, Emperor; Beveridge, Annette Susannah (1922). The Baburnam in English (Memoirs of Babur). Luzac & Co., London. p. 375.
- ^ Mukherjee, Soma (2001). Royal Mughal ladies and their contributions. New Delhi: Gyan Publ. House. p. 118. ISBN 978-81-212-0760-7.
- ^ Shyam, Radhey (1978). Babur. Janaki Prakashan. p. 263.
- ^ Aftab, Tahera (2008). Inscribing South Asian Muslim women: an annotated bibliography & research guide. Handbook of oriental studies. Leiden: Brill. p. 46. ISBN 978-90-04-15849-8.
- ^ Moon, Farzana (1977). Babur: The First Moghul in India. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 268. ISBN 978-8-171-56702-7.