Juan Boldames Ibáñez
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Most Reverend Juan Boldames Ibáñez | |
|---|---|
| Bishop of Ispahan Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Diocese | Diocese of Ispahan |
| In office | 1632–1633 |
| Successor | Timoteo Pérez Vargas |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 19 September 1632 by Bernardino Spada |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 August 1574 |
| Died | September 1634 (age 60) |
| Nationality | Spanish |
Juan Boldames or Roldán Ibáñez, O.C.D. (17 August 1574 – September 1634), also known as John Thaddeus of Saint Eliseus in English publications[1] (Spanish: Juan Tadeo de San Eliseo[2]) was a Spanish Discacled Carmelite[3][4] and a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as the first Bishop of Ispahan (1632–1633) and Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo (1632–1633).[5][6][7][8][9]
Early life
[edit]Juan Boldames Ibáñez was born on 17 August 1574 in Calahorra, Spain to Juan Roldán and Catalina Ibáñez.[1] As habit in the Discacled Carmelite novitiate, he came to Valladolid in 1596 and professed the following year on May 1. With a missionary vocation, after the Congregation of Discalced Carmelites of Spain renounced missions, he moved to Rome in 1600 to pursue his missionary desires. In 1601, he was sent to Naples, where he devoted himself to apostolic work and speaking to others about missions.[2] Among his penitents was Francesco Cimino, Baron of Caccuri, who aspired to establish a seminary for missionary endeavors targeting Muslims and pagans enslaved in Christendom—an initiative later forsaken for pragmatic reasons and transformed into the objective of redeeming Mt. Carmel from the Turks through purchase, from which the Carmelites would disseminate the Gospel to Muslims.[10]
Juan's fervor for missionary work in a Muslim region, proposed to the Congregation in Italy, initially faced censure from his superiors. This response was influenced by the division within the Order and the subsequent dispatch of several Spanish Religious to establish a presence in Italy, which stemmed from the General of the Spanish Congregation's unequivocal prohibition against any sanctioned missionary endeavors. However, over time, significant factions within the Italian Congregation became persuaded that it should incorporate a missionary dimension into its activities. In 1604, Pope Clement VIII sought to dispatch religious envoys to Shah Abbas I, presenting them as apostolic ambassadors. Noticing the Carmelites of Italy planning missionary endeavors in Palestine, the Pope convinced them to undertake his mission in Safavid Iran instead. Upon receiving the three missionaries designated to travel to Persia, Pope conferred upon Fr. Juan the extra name 'Thaddeus', commemorating one of the two Apostles traditionally credited with visiting the region.[1]
Travel
[edit]The route they finally chose was through Holy Roman Empire, Poland, Muscovy, and Desht-i Kipchak. Leaving Rome on 6 June 1604, they arrived in Venice on 17 July and in Prague 15 August. They departed from Krakow on April 25, 1605, due to the death of Clement VIII and the challenges of securing their route through Smolensk rather than Arkhangelsk. They were compelled to remain in Smolensk until December 1605 and arrived in Moscow in January 1606. Here, he managed to free Nicolas de Melo from his exile after meeting False Dmitry I who was perceived as sympathetic to Catholics[11] and moved on to Kazan on April 2, 1606. The murder of Dmitry in May, resulted in numerous impediments to their travel. The new ruler of Muscovy, Vasily IV exhibited hostility, causing Fr. Juan Thaddeus and his associates to be detained in Tsaritsyn throughout the winter of 1606-1607 after departing Kazan on July 24, 1606. They endured semi-starvation, maltreatment, and an epidemic that claimed the lives of two members of their group.
On July 24, 1607, they departed from Tsaritsyn and, after encountering difficulties in Astrakhan (where Marina Mniszech and Nicolas de Melo was entrapped), entered Safavid realm approximately ten miles north of Baku on September 27, 1607.[1] They reached Qazvin on November 19, 1607, and Isfahan on December 2, 1607.[2] The inaugural audience with Shah Abbas I occurred on 3 January 1608 in Chaharbagh.
Life in Iran
[edit]He officiated the wedding of Robert Sherley and Teresa Sampsonia on February 2, 1608. He quickly gained the confidence the Shah, who employed him as an interpreter and, in early 1611, dispatched him on a mission to Europe with merchants - Lucas Cornelio, a Greek and Khwaja Shevelin, an Armenian.[12] He met Teimuraz of Kakheti, bringing him a letter of condelence from Shah on the death of his wife Anna Gurieli[13] and later moved on to Derbend, where the governor proposed a site for a convent. He arrived in Astrakhan on March 25, 1611. There, the governor, Ivan Dmitrievich Khvorostinin, suspecting a conspiracy between Abbas and Sigismund III Vasa to invade Muscovy, arrested Fr. John Thaddeus along with his companions, imprisoning and even torturing them. His suspicions were further confirmed when he discovered that Juan carried letters for the Sigismund and for the Roman Pope, which made him believe that Juan was either a real spy dressed as a Roman friar or a Roman friar playing the real role of a spy and conspiring against Muscovy.[13] He also met Fr. Nicolas de Melo here once again.
Nevertheless, friar managed to sent news to Iran with Lucas Cornelio. Upon receiving news, Shah instructed a trader named Khoja Murtuz to supply the friars with food and necessities; however, the governor obstructed these items from reaching them in their confinement.[13] Once again notified, the Shah dispatched a severe message to Russians, threatening with invasion. Meanwhile, Ivan Zarutsky arrived with this Cossack host to besiege Astrakhan and killed Khvorostinin on September 16, 1613. However, friars related his death to a popular uprising.[13] John Thaddeus left for Iran on October 28, 1613 and arrived Isfahan on the eve of Pentecost in 1614.[1] During his absence, he was designated as Prior, having been appointed at the Chapter General in Rome; on May 23, 1614, all the Fathers present in Isfahan rendered him obedience. During his absence in Astrakhan, on April 20, 1616, the Praepositus General in Rome composed a 'clausula,' which remains extant in the archive.
On 6 September 1632, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Alexander VII as Bishop of Ispahan and Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo.[5][3][7] On 19 September 1632, he was consecrated bishop by Bernardino Spada, Cardinal-Priest of Santo Stefano al Monte Celio.[3][7] He served as Bishop of Ispahan and Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo until his resignation on 5 September 1633.[3] He died in September 1634.[3][7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Chick, Herbert (1939). A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. Vol. 2. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. pp. 920–934.
- ^ a b c Rodríguez, José Vicente. "Juan Roldán Ibáñez". Royal Academy of History (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-10-14.
- ^ a b c d e Cheney, David M. "Bishop Juan Boldames Ibáñez, OCD". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. Retrieved June 16, 2018.[self-published source]
- ^ Chow, Gabriel. "Bishop Juan Boldames Ibáñez, OCD". GCatholic.org. Retrieved June 16, 2018.[self-published source]
- ^ a b Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). HIERARCHIA CATHOLICA MEDII ET RECENTIORIS AEVI Vol IV. Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana. p. 97. (in Latin)
- ^ "Archdiocese of Isfahan" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016
- ^ a b c d "Archdiocese of Ispahan" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016
- ^ "Archdiocese of Toledo" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 15, 2016
- ^ "Metropolitan Archdiocese of Toledo" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved September 15, 2016
- ^ Anderson, Gerald H., ed. (1998). Biographical dictionary of Christian missions. Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans Publ. p. 524. ISBN 978-0-8028-4680-8.
- ^ Nakamura, Yoshikazu (1980-08-28). "モスコーヴィヤの日本人" [A Japanese in Muscovy]. スラヴ研究 [Slavic Studies] (in Japanese). 26: 1–30. ISSN 0562-6579.
- ^ García, Miguel Navarro (2023-10-03). "El P. Juan Tadeo de San Eliseo, OCD, primer obispo de Isfahan (Persia)". Archivo Agustiniano (in Spanish). 107 (225): 263–314. doi:10.53111/aa.v107i225.1128. ISSN 2792-3045.
- ^ a b c d Jesús, Florencio del Niño (1930). En Persia (1608-1624) : su fundación, sus embajadas, su apostolado [In Persia (1608-1624): its foundation, its embassies, its apostolate] (in Spanish). Pamplona: La Obra Máxima Editora. pp. 76–80.
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