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Prince Chun (created 1723)

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Prince Chun of the First Rank
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese和碩淳親王
Simplified Chinese和硕淳亲王
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyinhéshuò chún qīnwáng
Wade–Gilesho-shuo ch'un ch'in-wang
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡥᠣᡧᠣᡳ
ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ
ᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ
Romanizationhošoi bolgo cin wang

Prince Chun of the First Rank, or simply Prince Chun, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Chun peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances.

The first bearer of the title was Yunyou (允祐; 1680–1730), the Kangxi Emperor's seventh son. In 1709, Yunyou was granted the title "Prince Chun of the Second Rank" by his father. He was promoted to "Prince Chun of the First Rank" in 1723 during the reign of his fourth brother, the Yongzheng Emperor. The title was passed down over seven generations and held by seven persons.

Members of the Prince Chun peerage

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  • Yunyou (允祐; 1680 – 1730; 1st), 's seventh son of Kangxi Emperor, initially a beile, promoted to Prince Chun of the Second Rank in 1709 and then to Prince Chun of the First Rank in 1723, posthumously honoured as Prince Chundu of the First Rank (淳度親王)
    • 1 Hongshu (弘曙; 1698 – 1738), designated as Yunyou's hereditary prince from 1723 to 1727, his title stripped in 1727
      • three surviving sons: Yong'an (永安), Yongdun (永敦) and Yongsheng (永盛)
    • 2 Hongzhuo (弘晫; 1700 – 1743), held the title of a bulwark general in 1743
      • 2 Yonghong (永玒), held the title of a supporter general from 1744 to 1752
      • 3 Yongzhuang (永莊), held the title of a grace general from 1753 to 1777
    • 6 Hongjing (弘暻; 1711 – 1777; 2nd), designated as Yunyou's hereditary prince from 1727 to 1730, held the title Prince Chun of the Second Rank from 1730 to 1777, posthumously honoured as Prince Chunshen of the Second Rank (淳慎郡王)
      • other sons: Yongfan (永璠), Yongxie (永協), Yongqia (永恰), Yongzhuo (永卓) and Yongguang (永廣)
      • 8 Yongyun (永鋆; 1771 – 1820; 3rd), held the title of a beile from 1778 to 1820. His primary consort was one of Heshen's daughter.
        • 1 Miansuan (綿算)
        • 2 Mianqing (綿清; 1791 – 1851; 4th), held the title of a first class bulwark general from 1812 to 1821, promoted to beizi in 1821
          • three sons: Yilin (奕麟), Yimao (奕茂) and Yishu (奕孰)
          • 4 Yiliang (奕樑; 1819 – 1887; 5th), held the title of a third class defender general from 1838 to 1851, promoted to grace defender duke in 1851, made an acting beizi in 1872
            • eldest and 2nd son: Zaizhao (載炤) and Zaiguang (載灮)
            • 3 Zaikui (載㷇; 1862 – 1894; 6th), held the title of a grace defender duke from 1887 to 1894
              • 1 Pukun (溥堃; 1885 – 1932; 7th), held the title of a grace defender duke from 1895 to 1932
                • (a) Yuying (毓蓥), Pukun's adopted son
            • 4th to 6th son: Zaixiu (載烋), Zaixi (載熹) and Zaizheng (載烝), all of them were third class imperial body guards
          • 5 Yiquan (奕權), held the title of a second class bulwark general from 1844 to 1864, had no male heir
          • 6 Yirong (奕榕), held the title of a grace general from 1844 to 1875, stripped of his title in 1875
          • 7th to 11th son: Yimo (奕模), Yichun (奕純), Yixiao (奕效), Yisu (奕肅) and Yibo (奕博)
          • 12 Yifeng (奕楓), held the title of a grace general from 1851 to 1881
        • 3 Miansan (綿𣿯), held the title of a first class bulwark general from 1826 to 1871, had no male heir
        • 4 Mianxie (綿爕), a vice commander-in-chief
        • 5 Mianxun (綿洵), held the title of a grace general from 1826 to 1858
          • 1 Yijian (奕檻), held the title of a grace general from 1859 to 1886
        • 6 Mianjing (綿瀞)
        • 7 Mianshu (綿淑), held the title of a grace general from 1826 to 1847
          • 1 Yihua (奕樺), held the title of a grace general from 1847 to 1862, his title stripped in 1862
        • other younger sons: Miantian (綿田), Mianying (綿英) and Miangui (綿貴)
    • 7 Hongtai (弘泰; 1720 – 1757), held the title of a third class supporter general from 1743 to 1757

Family tree

[edit]
  • - Title bearers
  • - Emperors
adoption
Kangxi Emperor
7
Yunyou 允祐 1
1680 – 1730
Prince Chundu
of the First Rank
淳度親王
1723 – 1730
1267
Hongshu 弘曙
1698 – 1738
Hereditary Prince
世子
1723 – 1727
(title stripped)
Hongzhuo 弘晫
1700 – 1743
Bulwark General
輔國將軍
1743
Hongjing 弘暻 2
1711 – 1777
Prince Chunshen of the Second Rank
淳慎郡王
1730 – 1777
Hongtai 弘泰
1720 – 1757
Third Class Supporter General
三等
奉國將軍
1743 – 1757
238
Yong'an
永安
Yongdun 永敦
Yongsheng 永盛
Yonghong 永玒
Supporter General
奉國將軍
1744 – 1752
Yongzhuang
永莊
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1753 – 1777
Yongfan
永璠
Yongxie
永協
Yongqia
永恰
Yongzhuo
永卓
Yongguang
永廣
Yongyun 永鋆 3
1771 – 1820
Beile 貝勒
1778 – 1820
1234567
Miansuan
綿算
Mianqing 綿清 4
1791 – 1851
Beizi 貝子
1821 – 1851
Mian-? 綿𣿯
First Class Bulwark General
一等
輔國將軍
1826 – 1871
Mianxie 綿爕Mianxun 綿洵
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1826 – 1858
Mianjing 綿瀞Mianshu 綿淑
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1826 – 1847
4561211
1. Yilin 奕麟
2. Yimao
奕茂
3. Yishu
奕孰
Yiliang
奕樑 5
1819 – 1887
Grace Defender Duke acting Beizi
奉恩鎮國公 衔 貝子
1851 – 1887
Yiquan 奕權
Second Class Bulwark General
二等
輔國將軍
1844 – 1864
Yirong 奕榕
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1844 – 1875
(title stripped)
7. Yimo
奕模
8. Yichun
奕純
9. Yixiao
奕效
10. Yisu
奕肅
11. Yibo
奕博
Yifeng 奕楓
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1851 – 1881
Yijian
奕檻
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1859 – 1886
Yihua
奕樺
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1847 – 1862
(title stripped)
311
1. Zaizhao
載炤
2. Zaiguang
載灮
Zaikui
載㷇 6
1862 – 1894
Grace Defender Duke
奉恩鎮國公
1887 – 1894
4. Zaixiu 載烋
5. Zaixi 載熹
6. Zaizheng 載烝
Zaiwei 載煒
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1881
Zaiyu
載煜
Grace General
奉恩將軍
1887
1
Pukun
溥堃 7
1885 – 1932
Grace Defender Duke
奉恩鎮國公
1895 – 1932
Yuying
毓蓥

See also

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References

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  • Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Vol. 220. China.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)