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State forest (Brazil)

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Edmundo Navarro de Andrade State Forest

A state forest (Portuguese: Floresta Estadual, FES) in Brazil is a type of sustainable use protected area managed at the state level. The primary purpose is sustainable exploitation of the forest, subject to various limits. These include a requirement to preserve at least 50% of the original forest, to preserve forest along watercourses and on steep slopes, and so on.

Definition

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The concept of the State Forest originated with the 1934 Forest Code. It is equivalent to a national forest, but is administered at the state level. It is an area with forest cover of predominantly native species and has the basic objective of the sustainable multiple use of forest resources and scientific research, with emphasis on methods for sustainable exploitation of native forests.[1] The forest is publicly owned and any private lands in its boundaries are expropriated when it is formed. Indigenous populations may remain in the forest. Public visits are allowed, and research is encouraged, subject to the rules set out by the responsible agency.[2] The responsible agency must prepare and publish a management plan for the forest.[3]

Any new state forests must maintain at least 50% of the original forest coverage, although older forests may have as little as 20%. Properties in the south of Brazil in which the Paraná pine (Araucaria angustifolia) occurs cannot be deforested. Areas with slopes between 24 and 45 degrees cannot be deforested, but lumber may be extracted without clearcutting. Forests along waterways and around springs, on topographical heights, on slopes of more than 45 degrees, in salt marshes, on the edge of plateaus and above 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) may not be touched. The minimum amount of wild coverage must be preserved at each level of the property. Industries that use forest products are expected to invest in forests to meet their needs.[4]

Examples

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Examples of state forests include:[5]

Name State Area (ha) Created Biome
Amapá Amapá 2,369,400 2006 Amazon
Angatuba São Paulo 1,196.21 1965 Cerrado
Antimary Acre 47,064 1997 Amazon
Apuí Amazonas 185,946 2005 Amazon
Aripuanã Amazonas 336,040 2005 Amazon
Avaré São Paulo 95.30 1945 Atlantic Forest
Canutama Amazonas 150,588 2009 Amazon
Edmundo Navarro de Andrade São Paulo 2,230 1909 Atlantic Forest
Faro Pará 613,867 2006 Amazon
Iriri Pará 440,493 2006 Amazon
Manduri São Paulo 1,485.10 1962 Atlantic Forest
Manicoré Amazonas 83,381 2005 Amazon
Maués Amazonas 438,440 2003 Amazon
Mogno Acre 143,897 2004 Amazon
Paru Pará 3,612,914 2006 Amazon
Rio Gregório Acre 216,062 2004 Amazon
Rio Liberdade Acre 126,360 2004 Amazon
Rio Madeira Rondônia 81,856 1990 Amazon
Rio Madeira B Rondônia 51,856 1996 Amazon
Rio Pardo Rondônia 2010 Amazon
Rio Urubu Amazonas 27,342 2003 Amazon
Rio Roosevelt (dissolved) Rondônia 27,860 1990 Amazon
Rio Vermelho (dissolved) Rondônia 38,680 1990 Amazon
Sucunduri Amazonas 492,905 2005 Amazon
Tapauá Amazonas 881,704 2009 Amazon
Trombetas Pará 3,172,978 2006 Amazon
Tucano Rondônia 660 1996 Amazon

References

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Sources

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  • Decreto Nº 4.340, de 22 de Agosto de 2002, Presidência da República - Casa Civil - Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, August 22, 2002, retrieved 1 January 2012
  • "Floresta Nacionais", Amazônia Legal (in Portuguese), retrieved 2016-05-20
  • Florestas (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-07-01
  • LEI No 9.985, DE 18 DE JULHO DE 2000, Presidência da República - Casa Civil- Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, 18 July 2000, retrieved 1 January 2012
  • O que são Unidades de Conservação (in Portuguese), ((o))eco, 19 April 2013, retrieved 2016-05-20