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User:Kanguole/EarlyBronzeAge

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Rectangular bronze vessel with 4 legs and decorative motifs
The Houmuwu Ding from Anyang, at 875 kg (1,929 lb), is the heaviest ancient bronze item found anywhere in the world.[1]

Bronze in early China

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massive amounts of bronze in comparison with other ancient civilizations, marker of complex social organization[2] increasing volume of production[1]

Frontier cultures

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The earliest bronze object found in China is this knife (c. 2900–2700 BC) from the Majiayao culture, excavated in Dongxiang, Gansu.[3]

Erlitou

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Erligang expansion

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Decentralization

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Chinese scholars dispute any discontinuity between Erligang and Anyang[4]

Late Shang and their contemporaries

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Late Shang at Anyang

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Wei River valley

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Sanxingdui

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Middle Yangtze valley

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Relation to traditional accounts

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References

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  1. ^ a b Shelach-Lavi (2015), p. 212.
  2. ^ Bagley (1999), p. 137.
  3. ^ Liu & Chen (2012), p. 234.
  4. ^ Bagley (1999), p. 150, n. 38.

Works cited

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  • Allan, Sarah (2007), "Erlitou and the Formation of Chinese Civilization: Toward a New Paradigm", The Journal of Asian Studies, 66 (2), Cambridge University Press: 461–496, doi:10.1017/S002191180700054X.
  • Bagley, Robert (1999), "Shang archaeology", in Loewe, Michael; Shaughnessy, Edward L. (eds.), The Cambridge History of Ancient China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 124–231, ISBN 978-0-521-47030-8.
  • ——— (2018), "The Bronze Age before the Zhou Dynasty", in Goldin, Paul R. (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Early Chinese History, Rourledge, pp. 61–83, doi:10.4324/9781315773605-4, ISBN 978-1-138-77591-6.
  • Campbell, Roderick B. (2014), Archaeology of the Chinese bronze age: from Erlitou to Anyang, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, ISBN 978-1-931745-98-7.
  • Flad, Rowan K.; Chen, Pochan (2013), Ancient Central China, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-89900-0.
  • Lee, Yun Kuen (2002), "Building the chronology of early Chinese history", Asian Perspectives, 41 (1): 15–42, doi:10.1353/asi.2002.0006, hdl:10125/17161.
  • Li, Feng (2013), Early China: A Social and Cultural History, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-89552-1.
  • Li, Xueqin (2002), "The Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology Project: Methodology and Results", Journal of East Asian Archaeology, 4: 321–333, doi:10.1163/156852302322454585.
  • Liu, Li; Chen, Xingcan (2003), State Formation in Early China, Bloomsbury Academic, ISBN 978-0-7156-3224-6.
  • ———; ——— (2012), The Archaeology of China: From the Late Paleolithic to the Early Bronze Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-64310-8.
  • Shelach-Lavi, Gideon (2015), The Archaeology of Early China, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-19689-5.
  • Thorp, Robert L. (2005), China in the Early Bronze Age, University of Pennsylvania Press, ISBN 978-0-8122-3910-2.