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Unification of Hawai‘i

Map of the Hawaiian Islands made by one of James Cook's officers, probably William Bligh. c. 1785
Date1782–1810
Location
Result

Hawai'i Victory

Belligerents
Hawaiʻi Maui
Kaʻū
Kohala
Hilo
Kauaʻi
Oʻahu
Commanders and leaders
Kamehameha I
Keliʻimaikaʻi
Keʻeaumoku Pāpaʻiahiahi
Keaweaheulu
Kameʻeiamoku
Kekūhaupiʻo
Nahili
Kamanawa
Keʻeaumoku II
Isaac Davis
John Young
Kīwalaʻō
Keōua Kūʻahuʻula
Keawemaʻuhili
Kahekili II
Kalanikūpule
Kamakahelei
Kaumualiʻi
Kahahana

The Unification of Hawaiʻi (1782–1810) was a series of wars in the Hawaiian Islands fought over control of the entire archipelago. At the time of European contact, the islands were divided amongst competing Aliʻi, or high chiefs. The Island of Hawaiʻi was divided into several districts; Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, and Kahoʻolawe were united under Maui, Oʻahu was independent, and Kauaʻi ruled Niʻihau. The feudal Aliʻi often fought wars to gain land and mana. The introduction of European weapons gave some an advantage over others, and they began taking over their neighbors.

First the big island was consolidated by Kamehameha I after overthrowing his uncle for control of the Kona District on the island of Hawaiʻi. Meanwhile, the Kingdom of Maui invaded and conquered Oʻahu. With Hawaiʻi united under his rule, Kamehameha eventually invaded Maui and Oʻahu, culminating in the climactic battle that was the Battle of Nuʻuanu. Before he could invade the two remaining islands, the paramount Chief of Kauaʻi, Kaumualiʻi, negotiated a peace that submitted the islands to Hawaiian rule.[1]

Origins

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Battle of Keawawa (1738)

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Battle of Waikapu Commons (1776)

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Voyage of James Cook (1778–1779)

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Death of James Cook

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Battle of Moku'ohai (1782)

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Olowalu Massacre (1790)

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Battle of Kepaniwai (1790)

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East Hawaiʻi Battles of 1790 (1790)

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Battle of Kawaihae (1791)

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Battle of Kawela (1795)

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Battle of Nu'uanu (1795)

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Consolidation of power of Kamehameha I (1795–1810)

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Peaceful unification with Kaua'i and Ni'ihau

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Rapp, Claudia (23 July 2004). A PARADISE LOST: MAPPING CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE FROM HAWAI’I. p. 259. Retrieved 16 September 2014.